[오늘의 영어] 질병/증상-4

안과 질환 추가 (Additional Ophthalmological Diseases)

망막박리: Retinal Detachment
※ 한국에서는 '망막박리'라고 부르지만, 의학용어로는 'Retinal Detachment'라고 표현합니다.

망막열공: Retinal Tear

망막혈관폐쇄: Retinal Vascular Occlusion

망막동맥폐쇄: Retinal Artery Occlusion (RAO)

망막정맥폐쇄: Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO)

중심망막동맥폐쇄: Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO)

중심망막정맥폐쇄: Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO)

가지망막정맥폐쇄: Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO)

포도막염: Uveitis

전포도막염: Anterior Uveitis

중간포도막염: Intermediate Uveitis

후포도막염: Posterior Uveitis

전체포도막염: Panuveitis

홍채염: Iritis

홍채모양체염: Iridocyclitis

맥락막염: Choroiditis

포도막맥락막염: Uveochoroiditis

망막염: Retinitis

망막외층염: Retinitis Pigmentosa

망막색소변성: Retinitis Pigmentosa

중심성장액성망막병증: Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR)

망막주름: Epiretinal Membrane

황반변성: Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

건성황반변성: Dry AMD

습성황반변성: Wet AMD

맥락막신생혈관: Choroidal Neovascularization (CNV)

당뇨망막병증: Diabetic Retinopathy

비증식성당뇨망막병증: Non-proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR)

증식성당뇨망막병증: Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR)

당뇨황반부종: Diabetic Macular Edema (DME)

미세동맥류: Microaneurysm

망막경화증: Retinal Sclerosis

망막박리복구: Retinal Detachment Repair

유리체절제술: Vitrectomy

유리체혼탁: Vitreous Opacity

유리체출혈: Vitreous Hemorrhage

날파리증: Floaters

번개번쩍거림: Photopsia

심장 질환 추가 (Additional Cardiac Diseases)

확장성심근병증: Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM)

비후성심근병증: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM)

제한성심근병증: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

다카쓰보심근병증: Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy

심근염: Myocarditis

심낭염: Pericarditis

심낭삼출: Pericardial Effusion

심낭압전: Cardiac Tamponade

판막질환: Valvular Heart Disease

대동맥판협착: Aortic Stenosis

대동맥판폐쇄부전: Aortic Regurgitation

승모판협착: Mitral Stenosis

승모판폐쇄부전: Mitral Regurgitation

삼첨판폐쇄부전: Tricuspid Regurgitation

폐동맥판협착: Pulmonary Stenosis

승모판탈출: Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP)

감염성심내막염: Infective Endocarditis

류마티스성심장질환: Rheumatic Heart Disease

심부전: Heart Failure

수축성심부전: Systolic Heart Failure

확장기심부전: Diastolic Heart Failure

좌심실부전: Left Ventricular Failure (LVF)

우심실부전: Right Ventricular Failure (RVF)

고심박출량심부전: High Output Heart Failure

저심박출량심부전: Low Output Heart Failure

급성심부전: Acute Heart Failure

만성심부전: Chronic Heart Failure

폐부종: Pulmonary Edema

정맥압상승: Venous Congestion

간비대: Hepatomegaly

말초부종: Peripheral Edema

복수: Ascites

심계항진: Palpitation

기립불내증: Orthostatic Intolerance

신장 질환 추가 (Additional Renal Diseases)

신염: Nephritis

사구체신염: Glomerulonephritis

급성사구체신염: Acute Glomerulonephritis

만성사구체신염: Chronic Glomerulonephritis

IgA신병증: IgA Nephropathy
※ 한국에서는 'IgA신병증'이라고 부르는데, 이는 가장 흔한 원발성 사구체신염입니다.

막성신병증: Membranous Nephropathy

막증식성신염: Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN)

미세변화신병증: Minimal Change Disease (MCD)

초점분절성사구체경화증: Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)

신증후군: Nephrotic Syndrome

신염증후군: Nephritic Syndrome

급성신손상: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

전신성혼합형신염: Mixed Cryoglobulinemia

자신질환: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD)

상염색체우성다낭신: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD)

상염색체열성다낭신: Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease (ARPKD)

신장결석: Nephrolithiasis

신장수신증: Hydronephrosis

신장위축: Renal Atrophy

신경화증: Renal Sclerosis

신성당뇨: Renal Glycosuria

신성요붕증: Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

신장종양: Renal Tumor

신세포암: Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)

윌름스종: Wilms Tumor

소화기 질환 추가 (Additional Gastrointestinal Diseases)

위부전증: Gastroparesis
※ 한국에서는 '위부전증' 또는 '위무력증'이라고 부르는데, 영어로는 'Gastroparesis'라고 표현합니다.

위무력증: Gastric Atony

위확장증: Gastric Dilation

급성위확장증: Acute Gastric Dilation

만성위확장증: Chronic Gastric Dilation

위-바이패스증후군: Dumping Syndrome

덤핑증후군: Dumping Syndrome

조기덤핑증후군: Early Dumping Syndrome

후기덤핑증후군: Late Dumping Syndrome

소장흡수불량: Malabsorption

소장세균과증식: Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO)

소장폐색: Small Bowel Obstruction

장폐색: Bowel Obstruction

기계적폐색: Mechanical Obstruction

기능성폐색: Functional Obstruction

유착: Adhesion

협착: Stricture

협착성장염: Stenosing Ileitis

소장궤양: Small Bowel Ulcer

메켈게실: Meckel's Diverticulum

위-지장문합증후군: Blind Loop Syndrome

단쇄지방산: Short Chain Fatty Acid (SCFA)

비흡수성탄수화물: Non-absorbable Carbohydrate

삼투성설사: Osmotic Diarrhea

분비성설사: Secretory Diarrhea

운동성설사: Motility Diarrhea

삼출성설사: Exudative Diarrhea

기능성장질환: Functional Bowel Disorder

장경련: Intestinal Spasm

장허혈: Mesenteric Ischemia

급성장허혈: Acute Mesenteric Ischemia

만성장허혈: Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia

비폐쇄성장간막허혈: Non-occlusive Mesenteric Ischemia (NOMI)

신경계 질환 추가 (Additional Neurological Diseases)

척수공동증: Syringomyelia
※ 한국에서는 '척수공동증'이라고 부르는데, 척수 내 체액으로 찬 공동이 생기는 질환입니다.

척수이분증: Spina Bifida

척수수막류: Meningomyelocele

수두증: Hydrocephalus

정상압수두증: Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH)

뇌실비대: Ventricular Dilatation

뇌성마비: Cerebral Palsy

경직성뇌성마비: Spastic Cerebral Palsy

운동불능형뇌성마비: Ataxic Cerebral Palsy

불수의운동형뇌성마비: Dystonic Cerebral Palsy

혼합형뇌성마비: Mixed Cerebral Palsy

말초신경초종: Schwannoma

신경섬유종: Neurofibroma

신경섬유종증1형: Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1)

신경섬유종증2형: Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2)

신경총손상: Brachial Plexus Injury

상완신경총손상: Upper Brachial Plexus Injury

하완신경총손상: Lower Brachial Plexus Injury

척수근축손상: Nerve Root Avulsion

척수공동증: Syrinx

뇌실마모: Ependymal Damage

축삭손상: Axonal Damage

탈수초: Demyelination

회백질손상: Gray Matter Damage

백질손상: White Matter Damage

신경교종: Glioma

별아교종: Astrocytoma

역형성별아교종: Anaplastic Astrocytoma

교모세포종: Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM)

핍지교종: Oligodendroglioma

뇌실막종: Ependymoma

뇌간종양: Brainstem Tumor

정신건강 질환 추가 (Additional Mental Health Disorders)

분리성정체감장애: Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
※ 한국에서는 '다중인격장애'로 알려져 있지만, 현재 정식명칭은 'Dissociative Identity Disorder'입니다.

해리성장애: Dissociative Disorder

급성스트레스장애: Acute Stress Disorder (ASD)

적응장애: Adjustment Disorder

우울적응장애: Adjustment Disorder with Depressed Mood

불안적응장애: Adjustment Disorder with Anxiety

혼합적응장애: Adjustment Disorder with Mixed Disturbance

행동장애: Conduct Disorder

반항성장애: Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

산만함: Distractibility

충동성: Impulsivity

과다활동: Hyperactivity

집중곤란: Concentration Difficulty

주의력산만: Attention Deficit

성격장애: Personality Disorder

편집성인격장애: Paranoid Personality Disorder

분열성인격장애: Schizoid Personality Disorder

분열형인격장애: Schizotypal Personality Disorder

반사회성인격장애: Antisocial Personality Disorder

연기성인격장애: Histrionic Personality Disorder

자기애적인격장애: Narcissistic Personality Disorder

의존성인격장애: Dependent Personality Disorder

회피성인격장애: Avoidant Personality Disorder

강박성인격장애: Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

정서불안정인격장애: Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder

충동형경계성인격장애: Borderline Personality Disorder (Impulsive Type)

자해행동: Self-harm

자살사고: Suicidal Ideation

자살시도: Suicide Attempt

자해욕동: Urge to Self-harm

정신병적증상: Psychotic Symptom

환각: Hallucination

망상: Delusion

와해된사고: Disorganized Thinking

와해된말: Disorganized Speech

음성증상: Negative Symptom

피부 질환 추가 (Additional Skin Diseases)

포르피린증: Porphyria

급성간포르피린증: Acute Intermittent Porphyria (AIP)

포르피린증피부증: Porphyria Cutanea Tarda (PCT)

맹관질환: Acanthosis Nigricans

황색종: Xanthoma

결절황색종: Nodular Xanthoma

평면황색종: Planar Xanthoma

건선성황색종: Eruptive Xanthoma

신경섬유종증: Neurofibromatosis

1형신경섬유종증: Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1)

2형신경섬유종증: Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2)

육아종성질환: Granulomatous Disease

만성육아종성질환: Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD)

사르코이드증: Sarcoidosis

육아종증식성피부질환: Granuloma Annulare

환상육아종: Annular Granuloma

일반화된환상육아종: Generalized Granuloma Annulare

뮤신증: Myxedema

점액수종: Myxoma

여포각화증: Keratosis Pilaris

모낭염: Folliculitis

화농성모낭염: Suppurative Folliculitis

보라색선조: Striae Distensae

용혈성연쇄구균감염: Group A Streptococcal Infection

포도구균감염: Staphylococcal Infection

포도구균피부감염: Staphylococcal Skin Infection

황색포도구균: Staphylococcus aureus

메티실린내성황색포도구균: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

사이토메갈로바이러스감염: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection

혈관염: Vasculitis

표재성혈관염: Superficial Vasculitis

심재성혈관염: Deep Vasculitis

결절성다발동맥염: Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN)

미세혈관염: Microvasculitis

감염병 추가 (Additional Infectious Diseases)

탄저병: Anthrax
※ 탄저병은 탄저균에 의한 감염병으로, 피부탄저병, 흡입탄저병, 장탄저병 등 여러 형태가 있습니다.

피부탄저병: Cutaneous Anthrax

흡입탄저병: Inhalation Anthrax

장탄저병: Gastrointestinal Anthrax

페스트: Plague

림프절페스트: Bubonic Plague

패혈증페스트: Septicemic Plague

폐페스트: Pneumonic Plague

토끼열: Tularemia

나병: Leprosy (Hansen's Disease)
※ 나병은 나균으로 인한 감염병이며, 현대에는 '한센병'이라고도 부릅니다.

결핵양나병: Tuberculoid Leprosy

나종양나병: Lepromatous Leprosy

경계형나병: Borderline Leprosy

나반응: Lepra Reactions

제1형나반응: Type 1 Lepra Reaction

제2형나반응: Type 2 Lepra Reaction

아메바감염: Amebiasis

장아메바감염: Intestinal Amebiasis

간아메바농양: Amoebic Liver Abscess

스크루플스: Scrub Typhus

발진티푸스: Typhus Fever

유행성발진티푸스: Epidemic Typhus

풍토병발진티푸스: Endemic Typhus

회귀열: Relapsing Fever

이성회귀열: Epidemic Relapsing Fever

진드기매개회귀열: Tick-borne Relapsing Fever

라임병: Lyme Disease

라임관절염: Lyme Arthritis

라임신경염: Lyme Neuritis

라임심장염: Lyme Carditis

박스병: Cat Scratch Disease

쥐물림병: Rat Bite Fever

스피로헤타감염: Spirochetal Infection

렙토스피라증: Leptospirosis

렙토스피라증수막염: Leptospiral Meningitis

렙토스피라증우일병: Weil's Disease

비타민 결핍증 (Vitamin Deficiency Disorders)

비타민결핍: Vitamin Deficiency

비타민A결핍: Vitamin A Deficiency

야맹증: Night Blindness

각막연화증: Keratomalacia

비타민B1결핍: Thiamine Deficiency

각기병: Beriberi
※ 각기병은 비타민 B1(티아민) 결핍으로 인한 질환입니다.

건성각기병: Dry Beriberi

습성각기병: Wet Beriberi

베르니케뇌병증: Wernicke's Encephalopathy

코르사코프증후군: Korsakoff Syndrome

비타민B2결핍: Riboflavin Deficiency

구각염: Angular Cheilitis

설염: Glossitis

비타민B3결핍: Niacin Deficiency

펠라그라: Pellagra
※ 펠라그라는 비타민 B3(니아신) 결핍으로 인한 질환입니다.

4Ds증상: Four Ds (Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia, Death)

비타민B5결핍: Pantothenic Acid Deficiency

타는발증후군: Burning Feet Syndrome

비타민B6결핍: Pyridoxine Deficiency

말초신경염: Peripheral Neuritis

비타민B12결핍: Cobalamin Deficiency

악성빈혈: Pernicious Anemia

거대적혈구빈혈: Megaloblastic Anemia

비타민B12신경병증: Subacute Combined Degeneration (SCD)

비타민C결핍: Vitamin C Deficiency

괴혈병: Scurvy
※ 괴혈병은 비타민 C 결핍으로 인한 질환으로, 과거 장거리 항해 중 많이 발생했습니다.

잇몸출혈: Gum Bleeding

상처치유지연: Delayed Wound Healing

비타민D결핍: Vitamin D Deficiency

구루병: Rickets

골연화증: Osteomalacia

비타민E결핍: Vitamin E Deficiency

신경병증: Neuropathy

운동실조: Ataxia

비타민K결핍: Vitamin K Deficiency

응고인자결핍: Coagulation Factor Deficiency

신생아출혈성질환: Hemorrhagic Disease of the Newborn

엽산결핍: Folate Deficiency

엽산결핍성빈혈: Folate Deficiency Anemia

약물/독소 관련 질환 (Drug/Toxin-Related Disorders)

약물부작용: Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR)

약물이상반응: Drug Adverse Effect

약물독성: Drug Toxicity

약물중독: Drug Poisoning

약물상호작용: Drug Interaction

시너지효과: Synergistic Effect

길항효과: Antagonistic Effect

약물유발성간염: Drug-Induced Hepatitis

약물유발성신병증: Drug-Induced Nephropathy

약물유발성정신병: Drug-Induced Psychosis

약물유발성파킨슨증: Drug-Induced Parkinsonism

약물유발성이상운동: Drug-Induced Movement Disorder

약물유발성성역기능: Drug-Induced Sexual Dysfunction

알코올중독: Alcohol Dependence

알코올성간질환: Alcoholic Liver Disease

알코올성간염: Alcoholic Hepatitis

알코올성간경화: Alcoholic Cirrhosis

알코올성지방간: Alcoholic Fatty Liver

알코올중독증: Alcoholism

금단증후군: Withdrawal Syndrome

알코올금단: Alcohol Withdrawal

진전섬망: Delirium Tremens (DTs)

약물중독: Drug Addiction

중추신경흥분제중독: Central Nervous System Stimulant Addiction

마약성진통제중독: Opioid Addiction

헤로인중독: Heroin Addiction

코카인중독: Cocaine Addiction

메스암페타민중독: Methamphetamine Addiction

카페인중독: Caffeine Dependence

니코틴중독: Nicotine Dependence

대마초중독: Cannabis Dependence

할루시노겐중독: Hallucinogen Dependence

약물의존: Substance Dependence

약물오남용: Drug Abuse

일산화탄소중독: Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

약물과다복용: Drug Overdose

약물중독응급치료: Overdose Emergency Management

독성충격증후군: Toxic Shock Syndrome

중독성표피괴사: Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN)

스티븐스-존슨증후군: Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)

약물유발성루푸스: Drug-Induced Lupus

약물유발성혈관염: Drug-Induced Vasculitis

약물유발성피부반응: Drug-Induced Skin Reaction

약물알레르기: Drug Allergy

아나필락시스: Anaphylaxis

혈청병: Serum Sickness

혈청병유사반응: Serum Sickness-like Reaction

중독/중毒 관련 증상 (Poisoning-Related Symptoms)

중독: Poisoning

농약중독: Pesticide Poisoning

유기인중독: Organophosphate Poisoning

산화카바메이트중독: Carbamate Poisoning

비소중독: Arsenic Poisoning

수은중독: Mercury Poisoning

납중독: Lead Poisoning

납중독성뇌증: Lead Encephalopathy

카드뮴중독: Cadmium Poisoning

크롬중독: Chromium Poisoning

시안화물중독: Cyanide Poisoning

음식중독: Food Poisoning

세균성식중독: Bacterial Food Poisoning

살모넬라중독: Salmonella Poisoning

포도구균독소중독: Staphylococcal Toxin Poisoning

박테로이드독소중독: Bacterial Toxin Poisoning

버섯중독: Mushroom Poisoning

식물중독: Plant Poisoning

동물중독: Animal Toxin Poisoning

해파리중독: Jellyfish Sting

뱀독중독: Snake Venom Poisoning

곤충중독: Insect Venom Poisoning

벌중독: Bee Sting

독거미중독: Spider Bite

사고/외상 관련 (Trauma/Accident-Related)

외상: Trauma

두부외상: Head Trauma

폐쇄성두부손상: Closed Head Injury

개방성두부손상: Open Head Injury

뇌진탕: Concussion

뇌타박상: Cerebral Contusion

경막상혈종: Epidural Hematoma

경막하혈종: Subdural Hematoma

뇌실질내혈종: Intracerebral Hematoma

척수손상: Spinal Cord Injury

흉부외상: Chest Trauma

골반외상: Pelvic Trauma

복부둔상: Blunt Abdominal Trauma

관통상: Penetrating Wound

열상: Laceration

찰과상: Abrasion

좌상: Contusion

열손상: Burn Injury

동상: Frostbite

저체온증: Hypothermia

고체온증: Hyperthermia

열사병: Heat Stroke

열탈진: Heat Exhaustion

익사: Drowning

감전: Electrical Injury

방사선손상: Radiation Injury

방사선병: Radiation Sickness

급성방사선증후군: Acute Radiation Syndrome

참고 문헌

• Oxford English Dictionary (OED): https://www.oed.com/
• Cambridge Dictionary: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/
• Merriam-Webster Dictionary: https://www.merriam-webster.com/
• World Health Organization (WHO): https://www.who.int/
• Mayo Clinic: https://www.mayoclinic.org/
• National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
• American Academy of Dermatology (AAD): https://www.aad.org/